It is often difficult to encourage children to write, but unfortunately if they are not practising writing then are unlikely to become proficient writers. Writing poetry is a good stepping stone to help children develop many of the skills underpinning effective writing.
The advantage of poetry is that an idea is developed and expressed in just a few words. This enables the writer to concentrate on creating a particular feeling or describing a particular moment in time. Therefore, the focus is on quality, not quantity. Since the idea needs to be expressed in a minimal number of words, the child needs to concentrate on choosing the ‘right’ words that will clearly express the chosen message and eliminating words that are not essential.
Five ideas
- Analyse poems: Look for verbs, nouns, adjectives, adverbs, rhyming words, metaphors, similes etc. These could be colour-coded, so that the nouns, for example, are all highlighted in blue, the verbs in green, etc. Now help students to rewrite the poem using the same structure and language, but on a different topic. I suggest you start with nursery rhymes as their simple structure often makes this an easier process.
- Paraphrase poems: Ask your students to choose a favourite poem and then paraphrase the poem in prose. It is interesting to compare the two versions to show how changing the poem into prose results in the rhythm of the poem disappearing.
- Poems as a learning tool: Help your students to create poems or rhyming couplets to help learn particular facts. Spelling rules are often presented in this way:
‘e’ goes away
when ‘ing’ comes to stay
or any other suffix beginning with a vowel.
- Change a story into a poem: Students are more likely to have success with this activity if the story is very familiar, such as a well-known fairy tale. It would be useful to look at other examples first. The benefit of this strategy is that students will already have the content and structure.
- Write different types of poems: Expose your students to different types of poems and then help them write their own poems using a similar structure.
- Structured poems: These poems have a very clear structure and don’t necessarily rhyme. You can begin by asking a question, for example, “What does red look like?” or “What sounds do you like?” or “What do you love?”:
Red
Red is blood dripping from a cut,
Tomato sauce squirting from a bottle,
A love heart on a Valentine’s card,
And a rose picked fresh from the garden.
- Haikus: Consist of 3 lines that usually don’t rhyme. The first and last lines have 5 syllables and the middle line has 7 syllables.
- Acrostic: The first letter of each line spells out a word. Write a word down the left hand side of a page (e.g., the student’s name). Now think of a sentence for each letter in which the first word starts with that letter and describes the student. You could introduce this as a class activity with everyone contributing (perhaps using your own name) and then have students do the activity independently or in pairs.
Ben
Best friend you could ever have,
Energetic and always on the go,
Never a nuisance.
- Shape poems: Choose a shape (heart, star, stop watch) and write the poem so that it fits within that shape.
- Skipping and clapping chants: Teach your students some traditional chants. Begin by modifying these chants before progressing on to creating original chants. For ideas see http://www.gameskidsplay.net/jump_rope_ryhmes/ or https://elitejumps.co/blogs/guides/jump-rope-rhymes-songs
- Limericks: A humorous poem consisting of five lines. The first, second, and fifth lines must have seven to ten syllables and rhyme with each other and have the same rhythm. The third and fourth lines have to have five to seven syllables and have to rhyme with each other and have the same rhythm.
There was an Old Man of Peru
Who watched his wife making a stew.
But once, by mistake,
In a stove she did bake
That unfortunate Man of Peru.
Some useful websites
Instant fill in the blanks poetry is a great way to encourage reluctant writers to create poems easily: https://www.oncolink.org/support/resources/creative-inspiration/poetry/fill-in-the-blanks-poetry
Rhyme Brain helps find words that rhyme: http://rhymebrain.com/en
Poetry fun provides the structure and hints for writing different types of poems: http://www.symbaloo.com/mix/poetryfun
A list of other poetry websites that might be worth exploring: http://www.educationworld.com/a_tech/sites/sites014.shtml